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Many-Body Models

Many-body model cards identify which particles or modes are present, what statistics they obey, which Hamiltonian or ensemble is being used, and what approximations are part of the model. They are lookup pages, not replacements for the full many-body derivations planned elsewhere.

ModelMain lessonCore formalism
Ideal Fermi GasPauli filling, Fermi surface, degeneracy pressureFermi-Dirac Distribution
Ideal Bose GasBose enhancement and ideal Bose-Einstein condensationBose-Einstein Distribution
Hubbard ModelHopping plus onsite fermion repulsionHubbard Model Hamiltonian
Bose-Hubbard ModelBosons on a lattice, superfluid versus Mott physicsBosonic Fock Space
BCS ModelCooper pairing and mean-field quasiparticlesFermionic Fock Space

Before using a many-body model formula, identify:

  • particle statistics;
  • fixed-particle-number or grand-canonical setting;
  • continuum or lattice modes;
  • boundary conditions and dimensionality;
  • spin or internal degeneracy;
  • interaction terms and approximations;
  • observables used to diagnose phases or correlations.
  • Treating a many-body model name as a complete specification.
  • Mixing first-quantized particle labels with mode-occupation notation.
  • Forgetting that thermodynamic-limit statements may fail in small systems.
  • Presenting mean-field results as exact solutions.
  • A. L. Fetter and J. D. Walecka, Quantum Theory of Many-Particle Systems, Dover, 2003.
  • G. D. Mahan, Many-Particle Physics, 3rd ed., Springer, 2000.
  • A. Altland and B. Simons, Condensed Matter Field Theory, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2010.